Learning on the job through collaborative learning: analysing the appropriation of BIM knowledge in micro-enterprise architectural design companies

Abstract The lack of Building Information Modelling (BIM) knowledge appropriation by Architectural, Engineering, Construction and Operation (AECO) professionals is often considered one the main obstacles to successful BIM implementation. Although barriers implementation have been substantially investigated, a literature review on revealed that this area poorly investigated biased towards small medium construction companies. also shows no published research has addressed micro-enterprise design firms, despite these representing approximately 90% firms in AECO sector. In context, investigates whether collaborative learning can be teaching strategy for appropriating architectural micro-enterprises. Zone Proximal Development concept Collaborative Learning method were theoretical lenses study appropriation. involved documental analysis four years data from micro-enterprise. was classified into vertical collaboration, diagonal collaboration; horizontal individual action. Results show progressive development professionals’ (BIM knowledge) autonomy, as they gradually moved action collaboration relationships actions. evidence indicates strategies contribute context micro